The IoT concept assumes communication with real world objects. They may be devices, vehicles, constructions, or objects of the natural environment that have not previously transmitted information about their condition. By enabling remote monitoring, we have ability to analyze processes and influence their effectiveness and rationality. The Internet of Things is used in many different fields, such as environmental protection, agriculture and breeding, medicine, intelligent cities, logistics, industry. An example of the application may be the monitoring of the performance parameters of an enterprise’s technical infrastructure. In particular, environmental sensors (such as temperature, humidity, gas and dust concentrations), vibration sensors, acceleration, electromagnetic fields, and more can be used to monitor correct, safe and efficient operation.
In this aproach “things” send small amounts of data. They don’t not need high bit rates, for them range is more crucial. The use of popular, unlicensed 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands is legally enforced (power limits that can not be increased). In addition, waves of this length are very difficult to propagate under field conditions (eg in urban areas). The market response to these needs is the LPWAN type network, which main features are long range and low power endpoint devices that can be battery powered for months. One of the promising LPWAN technologies is the LoRaWAN, which uses the 868 MHz (Europe) wide band, and has a range up to 20 km.
